Camel Rider Story

Sometimes the characters in a story are trying to get away from something. In other stories they may be trying to find something. Are the characters in Camel Rider running away from something or trying to find something. Characters running away or trying to find something occurs in most stories. Camel rider combines both as each character is doing something different. There are 2 main characters in Camel rider, two boys, one called Adam who is from Australia and one called Walid who was sold as a slave by his parents then got abandoned.Many many stories have characters running away or trying to find something. The characters have reasons why they run away/find something. The characters in most stories run away since they’re scared or somebody is chasing them. Finding something would mean that the characters have some relation to it and it is important. The â€Å"something† could be someone or an object. Most stories there is a complication such as they’re lost, s eeking revenge, scared or afraid. Come on Walid! † I scream â€Å"we’ve got to get out of here† Adams quote from Camel rider. In this situation they are running away from a Gang. In Camel Rider Adam is trying to find Abudai and his dog Tara, Adam is lost but soon bumps into another kid called Walid who is lost and running away. They do not understand each other due to the fact they don’t know each others languages but join Adams journey to find Abudai. Overtime they get to know about each other.A gang soon attack them causing them to change from finding Abudai to running away. After hijacking a car they stop running away and continue finding Abudai. They go through obstacles and succeeded in finding Abudai. â€Å"we’re lost† I say to Walid. â€Å" I don’t know which way it is to Abudai from here† Adam is lost finding his way to Abudai but Walid helps him. Overall, I believe that the characters are trying to find something in thi s circumstance. They succeeded just like many other characters in many other stories.

Diversity Interview Assignment Essay

Abstract The people in the world that we live in are extremely diverse, in terms of the nationalities, religions, gender classifications and physical abilities. Social workers must have a clear understanding of the consequences of diversity and difference and the mechanisms of oppression and discrimination as they relate to human development. The range of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds that social workers will practice in is huge. Because of this, social workers must have an understanding of the values and attitudes of a multitude of different cultures as well as an understanding of their own attitudes and values towards diversity. This assignment will explore the ethnic diversity of two individual students of Madonna University. Mr. Eric Munn, a student of Korean decent and Ms. Qi Mao, a student of Chinese decent. I. General Description of the Interview and Setting (Mr. Eric Mun) The interview with Mr. Eric Mun took place on Wednesday February 13 at the international student help desk on the first floor of the main hallway at Madonna University at approximately 2:30 pm. Mr. Mun was extremely busy, as are all Madonna students, writing papers and answering questions for the other international students. I asked if it would be possible to have the interview in a setting where we could better hear each other but with his schedule and mines, that was not possible. The interview went forward with me standing at the desk and with Mr. Mun answering questions in-between helping the other students. II. Information obtained. Mr. Eric Mun describes himself ethnically as Asian because both of his parents are Asian and the cultural physical traits such as skin color, hair color and cultural behaviors have all been passed down to him. When asked what ethnic group that Eric identifies with, he replied that he identifies himself as Korean. Mr. Mun grew up in Seoul, South Korea and is 23 years old. He is a sophomore at Madonna with a G.P.A. of 3.80, currently majoring in business administration. Eric grew up in Korea and came to the United States when he was 15 years old and has been in the United States for 6 years. He states that he graduated from a prep school in Atlanta G.A and attended Michigan State University in 2008. After a semester at M.S.U. Eric says that he joined the Korean Marine Corps and served for two years as an artillery gunner, but was honorably discharged as a sergeant. When asked what he recalled when he first recognized his ethnicity, he replied that his parents had been working for the U .S. Army for over 30 years in the Department of Criminal Intelligence. This is when he began to realize who he was. Eric says that he had several opportunities to meet with U. S. soldiers and their children and that he noticed the differences then. I asked Eric what he considered to be the positive and negative aspects of being Korean. Eric replied that he believes that Asian people are the best academically and are good at working with numbers and studying. In contrast, he believes that this makes up for a lack of physical athletic abilities. I asked Eric what he believes are some of the special characteristics of being Korean. Eric replied that the most special characteristic of being Korean is the emphasis on respect of elders. He states that he has seen a lack of respect for elders in most Western cultures that would never be tolerated in Korea. Eric stated that he has not experienced racism since he has been in the United States; however he believes that there is a bias against people of Asian descent in the business world. III. General Description of the Interview and Setting ( Ms. Qi Mao) The next interview took place on February 19 and was with Ms. Qi Mao. Ms. Mao is a 31 year old student and describes herself as a member of China’s Han nationality, which is the largest nationality of the population of China. The interview took place in the lobby of the Madonna English Service Language Department at approximately 12:00 pm. English Service Language Director Ms. Hadeel Betti helped in selecting a candidate for the interview. I was shocked at her age of 31 years by her tiny frame as she approached for the interview. She was very pleasant, very polite and eager to smile at every appropriate moment. IV. Information Obtained Ms. Mao describes herself as Chinese of the Han nationality. The Han nationality dominates the ethnicity of the population of China. According to everyculture.com,† China is the most populous nation on earth; in 2000, the estimated population was 1,261,832,482 (over one-fifth of the world’s population). Of these people, 92 percent are Han Chinese; the remaining 8 percent are people of Zhuang, Uyhgur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi and Korean† (everyculture.com, 2013). According to Ms. Mao, Chinese people who live in the far south of China belong to what she describes as the South Asia race. Ms. Mao earned a degree in journalism in China and has worked as a journalist there for some time. She stated that she wanted to expand her knowledge and learn new things. Her major at Madonna University is business. She has no brothers or sisters and states that this is the result of China’s one child law. According to the Journal of Politics and law, â€Å"The Birth Control Law of PRC restricts married, urban couples to having only one child, and rural couples to having 2 children if the first is female, while ethnic minorities are not restricted† (Chen, B., 2012). She currently lives with a host family and enjoys playing with the family’s children. She also states that the only family that she has in the U. S. are her uncle a few cousins that currently attend Madonna University. Ms. Mao states that most of East Asia populations are Mongolian, whom her people traditionally refer to as the yellow race. Later she says that she has been in the U. S. for 5 months. When asked what she recalled when she first recognized her ethnicity, she replied that most Chinese children know who and what they are at a very young age. She tells me that she learned English at 3 years old and that this is when her teachers and parents introduced her to the Han nationality. Ms. Mao states that many people describe members of the Han nationality as having thin black hair, black eyes and yellow skin. She stated that Chinese people usually do not discuss cultural issues because unless you travel to the out most reaches of the country, there is only one culture, the Han. The most negative aspect of being Chinese for Ms. Mao is the difficulty in getting a passport for travel to the U. S. She believes that this is because of two reasons first a bias against the people of China, secondly the Chinese government’s strict policy to know absolutely everything you do and everywhere you go at all times. One of the most positive aspects of being Chinese according to Ms. Mao is the closeness of the families. She states that the relationships of Chinese people are closer and deeper than of any other culture. She believes that this is a major strength of the Chinese culture and that it separates it from most. However, she also believes that sometimes these relationships can become smothering, because someone in the family or someone who knows the family is usually to be found in every aspect of Chinese life. Research has shown that the, â€Å"business world of the Asian American is strongly linked to family. The Asian family run business is a constant in many communities† (asianamericanalliance.com, 2013). From school life to social life she says that the Chinese relationships are extremely tight. She tells me that she has not experienced direct racism and has been treated well by most that she has encountered since being in the U.S. Ms. Mao tells me that the Chinese do not have what westerners call religion because the majority feels as if they do not need it. According to her, most of her population would be classified as Buddhists but they would never refer to it as a religion. She says that generally, her people do not openly discuss their worship practices and that the society is far too conservative that. V. New Learning’s Regarding Strengths/Limitations. One of the similarities in the strengths of both individuals is the strong bond with family and the respect that they have for their elders. The opinions of both individuals vary in terms of how they view western family relationships. Ms. Mao believes that some women in western cultures are not as attentive to family needs. Mr. Munn believes that there is a lack of respect for family elders. New learnings regarding the strengths of their family relationships include the complex and intense bond between extended family members. Apparently in both Korean and Chinese cultures, children are introduced to the importance of close family relationships at an early age. Research has shown that the children of the Korean culture are exposed to family values and traditions when very young. A web article entitled everyculture.com states, â€Å"Obedience, cooperation, respect for the elders, and filial piety are the major values inculcated in a child’s early years, most children receive t raditional gender role socialization from early childhood† (www.everyculture.com, 2013). According to Ms. Mao, the family structure of the Chinese people is a strength as well as a weakness in terms of having personal space. New learning’s regarding this fact includes an appreciation of the Chinese family unit and the fact that the traditional relationships in the Chinese nuclear family unit extend far beyond the home. Research has shown that, â€Å"It is common for several generations to live together under one roof. After marriage, a woman traditionally leaves her parents’ home and becomes part of her husband’s family (www.everyculture.com, 2013). Although Ms. Mao never hinted that this was her particular plan to start a family, she did imply that she greatly respected Chinese family tradition. VI. New Learning’s Regarding the Effects of Racism & Gender inequality. I found it very interesting that neither of the interviewees had experienced direct or extreme racism while in the United States. This is partially because of a generally expected bias against Asians by Americans and partially due to some of my own experiences with racism as an African American man. This prompted research into the history of racism against Asian Americans and revealed the tragic story of Former Metro Detroit resident Vincent Chin. According to asian-nation.org, in 1989 Vincent was beaten to death by two White men (Ronald Ebens and Michael Nitz) who called him a â€Å"jap† (even though he was Chinese American) and blamed him and Japanese automakers for the current recession and the fact that they were about to lose their jobs. The judge in the case sentenced each man to 2 years’ probation and a $ 3700.00 fine. From the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 which declared that an entire ethnic group would be singled out and forbidden to step foot on American soil, to the extreme difficulties expressed by Ms. Mao in acquiring a passport for travel to the United States, discrimination and racism has affected members of the Asian community. The teachings and philosophies of Confucius have a profound effect on the relative status of Chinese men and women. What we westerners would refer to as ‘gender issues’, the Chinese refer to as simply a way of life. A study has shown that, â€Å"Confucian values place women as strictly subordinate to men, and this was reflected in traditional society. Women had no rights and were treated as possessions, first of their father’s and later of their husbands† (everyculture.com). I must admit to wondering on several occasions why it was that the Asian women that I have seen walking with their spouses in public seemed so docile and subservient. Research of the importance of tradition and adherence to strict family order has given me a basic understanding of the Asian family structure. VII. Implications for Practice. A social worker entering into practice without the skills which would prepare him for working with ethnically diverse clients limits the range of assistance that he can provide. The implications of social work practice increase with such culturally diverse populations as Asian Americans. An effective social worker will have the knowledge of the different cultures, norms and values of the target populations that he will mostly like come into contact with. Based on the conceptual definition of eclectic which is, â€Å"one who uses a method or approach that is composed of elements drawn from various sources† (merriam-webster.com, 2013), research has shown that an effective social worker should incorporate different methods to meet the various needs of Asian American families. Understanding the communication patterns of Asian families and how they differ from those of western cultures can help bridge the gaps of difficulties in individual and group function. Kam-fong (1994) wrote the following: Psychodynamic, existential-humanistic, and cognitive-behavioral approaches are analyzed in terms of their appropriateness for social work with Asian Americans. It is concluded that various theoretical approaches may be needed to match the ever-changing needs of these culturally diverse populations. (p. 186) VII. Personal Reflection. I have seen media portrayal of Asian Americans and all of the stereotypes that go along with them. In my lifetime I have heard everything from all Asians eat rice to all Asians know karate, kung Fu and can’t drive well. These are all just stereotypes and have absolutely no merit at all. However it has been somewhat difficult for me as a student and researcher until now to disprove these myths personally. Limited interactions with members of the Asian community due to a lack of opportunistic access have made in-depth research into behavioral patterns extremely difficult if not completely impossible. This assignment has allowed me to step into a world that has helped me to distinguish between two fascinatingly different cultures from my own. I look forward to working with members of the Chinese and Korean communities in the future as clients and professionals alike. References J Rank. (2012). Countries and their culture. Retrieved from http://www.everyculture.com/Bo-Co/China.html Le, C. N. (2011, November 25). Asian-nation. Retrieved from http://www.asian-nation.org/racism.shtml Asian American Alliance. (07 J). Retrieved from http://www.asianamericanalliance.com/index.html Chen, B. (2012). China’s dilemma in human rights: Through the perspective of critiques abroad and china’s response. Journal of Politics and Law, 5(3), 25-32. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1038159875?accountid=27927 Kam-Fong, M. (1994). Book reviews — social work practice with Asian Americans edited by Sharlene Maeda Furuto, Renuka Biswas, Douglas K. Chung, Kenji Murase and Fariyal Ross-Sheriff. Families in Society, 75(3), 186-186. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/230155950?accountid=27927

Leadership Approach Essay

Various theoretical approaches have been conducted to determine the impact of leadership and the key attributes of effective leaders. The five research approach comprise of the trait approach, behavior approach, power-influence approach, situational approach, and integrative approach. Although each approach has its merits and issues, the focus of this paper will be the situational approach. Overview The situational leadership approach views leadership in relation to a specific context. The study suggests that for every situation a specific leadership style is appropriate. In situational leadership, the factors that affect the leadership style include the situation, the organization, the followers, the timing and the nature of work (Yukl, 2010). By assessing these factors, leaders make decisions on their leadership style. In addition, situational leadership has two subcategories. The first one reviews the similarity or differences of leadership within an organization. This study involves using comparison between situations and the differences or similarities between approaches. The second study evaluates the correlation between leadership traits, skills and attributes to leadership effectiveness (Yukl, 2010). Finally, the study by Paul Hersey and Kenneth Blanchard in 1969 provided a matrix of communication for use in this type of leadership. The matrix recommends the use of four influence competencies such as telling or directing, selling, delegating and participating. Each style is adapted to the follower’s maturity or competency. â€Å"The four styles suggest that leaders should put greater or less focus on the task in question and/or the relationship between the leader and the follower, depending on the development level of the follower† (Changing Minds, 2012). Strengths and Weaknesses The strength of the situational approach of research is that it provides a variety of study iterations, thus allowing for the researchers to control certain parts of the study. Moreover, the situation is observable and results are easy to understand. Thus the study provides flexibility and control in modifying various factors within the control situation. For instance, by manipulating a certain control situation, researchers can review the leaders’ reactions and methods to resolving the issues put forward. The weaknesses of using this approach are that it contains too many variables. Endless numbers of variables can be factored in to a situation and thus, can create confusion in the study. Moreover, the approach does not clearly distinguish between leadership and management and given a situation, managers can act as leaders and vice versa without further clarification. Examples of Situational Leadership Situational leadership exists in __________, a financial service firm, and the author’s current employer. Situational leaders use four influence competencies such as telling or directing, selling, delegating, and participating. Each style must be applied to the appropriate situation being affected and the audience or group being addressed (Changing Minds, 2012). The examples will be based on the author’s observations of her direct superior, the Senior Partner of the company, (â€Å"Eric†). As senior partner, Eric is in charge of the company’s strategic direction. Thus, he delegates authority to various skilled and competent individuals. In everyday business, Eric uses the delegating and participating style. He understands that the branch managers and senior staff are skilled to handle every day issues. However, in times of uncertainty and stress, for instance, the possible stock market decline, Eric shifts his style to more of a telling or directing style. This telling or directing style is typically used in lower competency and low trust group of followers. Even though Eric realizes that the senior staff members are well trained to handle stock market declines, Eric looks at the situation and modifies his behavior and communication style to a more directive leadership. Conclusion The situational approach in studying leadership provides an overview of the use different traits, skills and communication styles in order to fit into the situation. Although this approach has its merits and weaknesses, it is the most widely used leadership study. Regardless of the approach used in study or leadership style, the most important factor is the leader’s accountability for the outcome of the decisions made. Reference Changing Minds, (2012), Hersey and Blanchard’s Approach, Retrieved from: http://changingminds.org/disciplines/leadership/styles/situational_leadership_hersey_blan chard.htm Yukl, G. A. (2006). Leadership in organizations (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

Canadian History Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Canadian History Paper - Essay Example But the problem remains: Canada cannot realize its full political and economic promise with a foreign monarch as its head of state, one whose presence is a constant reminder of the nation’s colonial past. As such, Canada should sever its ties to the constitutional monarchy. In March 2002, Prince Charles visited Mexico City to promote trade between Mexico and Great Britain. As often happens when a member of the royal family embarks on a diplomatic visit to the Americas, Canada’s economic position in the international community is marginalized by what can best be described as an awkward, hierarchical relationship. Charles’ mission to Mexico offers a case in point: Mexico and Canada are trading partners under terms of the North American Free Trade Agreement, and yet according to Canada’s constitutional ties to Name 2 the British throne, the Prince of Wales was there ostensibly as proxy for Canada’s legal head of state, Queen Elizabeth II. In the market place of international commerce, sovereignty and prestige are important to engendering and maintaining confidence among a nation’s business partners. ... When Britain sought membership in the European Economic Community in 1961, Canada, through no fault of its own, found itself in an awkward and potentially damaging situation with the United States. The U.S. complained that Britain’s move into the EEC would pull Canada into a preferential European agreement, which â€Å"would threaten American trading interests by†¦linking Britain and its current and former colonies into the large European market† (Buckner, 109). The constitutional monarchy has also placed undue pressure on Canada’s domestic political scene. Quebec’s lingering separatist movement has for decades drawn on the country’s ties to Britain, the very symbol of imperial/colonialist domination, for political ammunition. The queen’s 1964 visit to Quebec, one of her most disastrous forays into North America, exacerbated anti-union sentiment in Quebec. She was booed in Quebec City, and Rene Levesque, Quebec’s minister of Natur al Resources, boycotted the banquet celebrating the royal visit (Buckner, 89). Worse still, civil unrest followed marked by acts of violence involving protesters and the provincial police, whose actions made martyrs of the separatists. Name 3 Canada’s increasing ethnic diversity has, in recent years, called into question whether a constitutional monarchy is an appropriate institution for a democratic, pluralistic society. It is difficult to imagine that a constitutional monarchy could ever be a unifying factor in a country where citizens of English ancestry are now in the minority (Leuprecht, 68). The continued presence of the Queen (and her successor) affirms a â€Å"symbolic executive (who) would seem to be limited not only for those in Quebec but for the many

Compensation Plan for Sales Team Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Compensation Plan for Sales Team - Essay Example osal, mild assumptions are made regarding the company’s objectives where the strategic function of the sales tram can be patterned with, then the compensation scheme is made in order to back up those strategies. Personal selling (or sales) is just one of the functions of marketing communications which helps a company carry on a strategy in order to fulfill a certain goal. In marketing’s case, the goal is market share in order to support a larger goal of the company such as increase in shareholders’ wealth. Since personal selling in InterClean, Inc. is assumed to be a primary function of marketing communications to reach the marketing objective, we have to look first at the company as a whole. Another assumption derived from the instruction, since the sales team is new, is that the company is new in the industry. Given this, we can assume that the company’s marketing strategy is to build market share, being a new player in the industry. Building market share as the marketing strategy calls for some personal selling/sales function strategies which will be of support it—this includes building sales volume. The personal selling function then breaks the objective down into smaller and more specific sets depending on the nature of the job which will handle it. In order to meet these objectives, one factor which is designed to motivate the team is to give rewards in the form of the compensation package. In this paper, we present two kinds of pay that constitute the whole compensation package: fixed pay and variable pay. The whole compensation package includes three components: the base pay for the fixed pay, and the bonus pay, like commissions, and long term compensation for the variable pay. We will see the difference in proportions of these for the compensation package for each job design in the later discussion. Pay structures differ from each job to another as pay as a form of reward aims to reinforce behaviors that are essential to meet the objectives

How to Improve Systems Development through Optimization Essay

How to Improve Systems Development through Optimization - Essay Example In addition, the research shows that the information systems development is an extremely knowledge-intensive process that necessitates the integration of particular stakeholder expertise and knowledge (Tiwana, 2006; McSweeney, 2010; Hagerup, 2010). This paper attempts to answer the question: what do information technology managers need to know about how to improve the systems development process through joint optimization? In this scenario, this a detailed research will be conducted to investigate a wide variety of aspects such as IT manager’s skills and expertise that need to improved for managing the IT projects development. This paper also shows how IT managers can improve the systems development process through joint optimization? A persistent statement about information technology (IT) is that â€Å"IT has no innate value†. In other words, possessing IT assets does not allow an organization to attain a competitive edge over other organizations, or to improve busine ss processes or to reduce expenditures. On the other hand, IT plays a positive role only when corporate stakeholders direct information technology in the right direction to offer business value. ... In this scenario, general managers require to be concerned with information technology (IT); the merger of software, hardware, people, data and processes, for the reason that: The absolute degree of the budget spent on information technology has to be handled carefully in order to ensure business value (Lacity, 2012; Grudin, 1991). In addition, a lot of studies revealed that when business managers are involved in IT, it helps them build numerous business plans, like that attaining a competitive benefit, improving and modernizing business processes, expanding their business to international markets and even initiating new businesses. However, it is also the responsibility of senior managers to be familiar with how IT improvements can change industry arrangements, like that influence of information technology on the specific industry. In this scenario, many researchers have argued that when business managers are not concerned in IT development projects and design, such projects and sys tems developments fail, as a result a lot of investment is wasted, or even, businesses completely fail because of badly managed IT projects (Lacity, 2012; Grudin, 1991). Moreover, the information technology and IT projects management knowledge and skills are able to offer a capability to utilize IT resources (like that efficiency of applications similar to on-line resources, word processors or computer presentation systems) successfully and competently. However, IT projects managers should be able to build up their knowledge, capabilities, and responsibilities in using information technology, recognizing the function and influence of information technology as well as implementing

Township Planning in and around Chennai City Limits Research Proposal

Township Planning in and around Chennai City Limits - Research Proposal Example With specific subject related colleges represented by Anna University and Madras Medical College. Despite its ongoing development as a leading commercial metropolis, Chennai is also responsible for housing 5% of the entire slum population of India, together with a significantly high migrant population.1 This proposal will outline a framework for consideration based on the principal that as a city Chennai needs to incorporate a great many factors into its attempts to expand and develop industrially, educationally and for the benefit of its existing residents and future population. In particular it will seek to demonstrate the advantages of recent city growth in the form of townships. How the city is developing and reinventing itself as a consequence of these new developments The literature for this research will broadly split into three categories. Each category will be the focus of the three fundamental chapters. With the fourth and final chapter dedicated to rationalizing the findings. The first category will focus on the history of Indian town planning. This will provide a context within which the current situation and consequences of modern day townships being developed throughout Chennai will be rationalized. It will explore the reminiscent British influence and the Victorian concept of municipality and how this was first established in Madras (now Chennai). Research Publications such as the Transformation of Housing Policy and other documentation sourced from the Indian Institute of Public Administration, together with books like Indian Government & PoliticsBy Sharma Manoj which detail the period of the 1960's amongst others as eras that can be defined as playing a major role in the development of urban planning models. The second category to be investigated will involve a demographic overview including the current economic and social situation in Chennai in the twenty first century. This will be achieved through the presentation of collated statistics the overall socio-economic situation of the population by illustrating the differences across the city and its outskirts. There have been a number of qualitative and quantative research studies carried out on the population of this particular city including Quality of Life of Migrant Households in Urban Slums, by S. Sundari, Alcohol Abuse Among The Coastal Communities In Chennai District, Tamil Nadu Tsunami Resource Centre, Prof. L. S. S. Manickam Ph.D. Dr. Joshi Basil PhD, An Adaptive Ecosystem Approach to Managing the Urban Environment for Human Health, Martin J. Bunch. The case for being able to demonstrate the current situation of the people of Chennai, their history of housing issues, poverty and deprivation as a result of demographic circumstance will help legitimise the overall picture of Chennai as a city whose population has suffered and continues to do so without the necessary changes to infrastructures a nd controls on building and residency issues. These statistics will be supported by a number of text based

Creative Method of Reflexivity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Creative Method of Reflexivity - Essay Example Since I feel the term â€Å"great leader† has been taken from a myth, which the parents and junior schoolteachers love to tell little kids. And even the different theories penned down by scholars about leadership can only be viewed as their fantasies and aspirations about how a leader should be. Disclaimer: All of my above criticism applies if I limit my scope to the political and societal big wheels of the current world only. I may be a cynic but I do whole-heartedly respect the leaders of once upon a time. The god sends that saved and made nations. Therefore, to the keep the derision out of my journal, I’d rather focus on my journey on the leadership trail as I relate my days to the class lectures and discussions I participate. Dated: September 9, 2011 Entry 2 – My Leader After attending each lecture on leadership, I get home with a new picture of leadership in my mind. From the books I’ve read I’ve learnt that to lead one shall be determined, foc used, reliable, decisive, enthusiastic, and courageous and the list goes on. And above all a true leader must possess the charm to draw attention, to create followers and to instigate a movement. Just thinking about the ingredients of perfect leadership creates an image in my mind. A man (no offense meant to females here, since I know leadership exists in the bearings of a human irrespective of sex, class, race, age or nationality) who looks physically fit, standing impeccably dressed facing an expectant crowd with honest, experienced, intelligent eyes, bearing a smile full of promise and unswerving confidence. This is my leader. If we try to fit a face into the picture my mind conjured up, Mr. Barack Obama may be the most likely candidate. Although I’m not in accord with his political motives and certain decisions he makes as a politician, I have high regard for his commitment to his people and country. A black presiding over a nation of whites certainly puts to proof the gr eatness of this man. Fear of social acceptance, I believe, is a fear not so easy to surmount. I wonder if Mr. Obama ever saw that as an obstacle. An average person would surely be traumatized at even the prospect of standing up to be elected as a prospective leader and anticipate acceptance from the very people whose ancestors had been compulsive racists. But Mr. Obama is not an ordinary man. He never was. Dated: September 17, 2011 Entry 3 – Perceptions My last entry dated September 9 helped me sketch out the leader I aspired to have to help me bring about the changes I want in the world around me. When I reread that entry two days ago I got fascinated about the leader figures that inhabit the minds of people around me. I sent messages to my friends and family via cell phone asking who a leader is or placed the question when I met them in class or at home. The one-liner statements they gave are not their comprehensive descriptions of a leader surely, but they presented me wit h interesting angles to â€Å"Aspired Leaders†. Relative 1: â€Å"One who can influence the decisions made by others.† This image on the right definitely goes with the description presented by my relative. There is no greater influence than influence at the point of a gun. Ironically, the

Wi-Fi Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Wi-Fi - Research Paper Example It is the name given to a type of network connection that does no need any cords or physical connections to connect. Technically, it represents a type of Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) that adheres to the 802.11network standard of the IEEE. The term Wi-Fi is often mistakenly thought of as an acronym for Wireless Fidelity. What is its History? The AT&T Company’s wireless uses spread spectrum radio technology and multi carrier OFDM radio technology. This spread spectrum technology used in Wi-Fi was first introduced in the year 1985 by the US Federal communications Commission. Vic Hayes chaired IEEE for ten consecutive years. He was involved in designing standards 802.11a and 802.11b upon which Wi-Fi works. He is thus named as the â€Å"father of Wi-Fi†. The actual predecessor to Wi – Fi was invented in 1990 by the NCR Corporation/AT&T in the Netherlands. WaveLan was the name given to the first wireless products that were bought into the market. They incorporate d the speeds of 1Mbit/s to 2Mbit/s. Finally, the CSIRO, an Australian research body filed the original patents behind the Wi-Fi technology in the year 1986. How it works? Wi-Fi uses radio waves to transmit the information across a Wireless Local Area Network. It transmits information to and from the internet. Any data transfer from a website is done when the website sends information to the modem. This information is then passed on to a wireless router. This device routes data (converts information to radio waves and beams it) to your computer. This information is then interpreted by the computer with the help of wireless networking specific hardware/software. Exactly the same process occurs but only in the opposite direction when the computer wants to send information over the internet. Very often, a wireless connection operates faster than a wired broadband internet connection. Who invented? An Australian research body CSIRO was the first formal inventors of Wi-Fi in the year 1996 . How safe is it? Majority of the scientists who have assessed the safety of Wi-Fi networks advocate the fact that there is no particular evidence to the Wi – Fi connections being hazardous to health. The technology however is not very old. Thus any health hazards that may be slow would only be evident after a certain number of years. Till then it cannot certainly be judged whether a Wi Fi is safe or not. The radio waves that are used by a wireless device or network are relatively low in frequency. The 2.4GHz of radio waves used in the case of Wi-Fi are the non-ionizing type of radiation. This radiation, also used in microwaves and mobile phone communications etc., is not known to have destructive effects on human cells. There is however, one school of thought among scientists that advocates that such a frequency of radiation is harmful to chromosomes. Also, this school of thought thinks that the radiation does not merely heat up the human atoms but does much more than that. There however is no scientific evidence to prove the above facts. Another school of thought emphasizes that exposure to microwaves and cell phones using low level radiation may scientifically be harmless as yet but the exposures to these waves in the above mentioned devices are relatively for a very short period of time as compared to the exposure to a Wi-Fi router that may be located in your office or home. The spectrum that these low radiation emitting devices cover is very large and is constant. The Wi-Fi routers in the vicinity of a human being are turned on twenty four hours a day and seven days a week throughout the year. Though no scientific evidence may yet be present but Wi-Fi devices are suspected to me more of a risk than any other devices using the same low level frequency of radio waves. The WHO (World

Business Ethics in IT Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Ethics in IT Management - Essay Example When the organization collect data related to employees they are supposed handle it with secrecy and confidentiality. My organization is highly strict on safeguarding the details of the employees and other information related to the human resource department. Information related to pay scale of employees, social security numbers and other account details are allowed to be handled only by authorized personnel. Even the organization is not supposed to conduct any activity which can harm the environmental balance of nature. The nature of business is not supposed to be conducted against the social interest of the community and nation. The managers are not allowed to manipulate and misuse the key strategies and policies of the organization. My organization also have the right to monitor our activities to assess whether we follow the ethical code and principles of the business. In my organization employees are evaluated by the ethical standard they follow, as it is the core value of the or ganization. A person with no moral or ethical value can never be a good employee and can spoil the goodwill and reputation of a firm. My company tests my ethical behavior while I work in the organization in order to make sure that I am productive and harmless to the organization working process. My company does not allow using the company telephones to make long distant calls as this show that as an employee I want to misuse the company services. Manipulating the software’s of the company and using company products when not in offices are against my organizational ethical standard. My organization feels that if the employee cannot adhere to the ethical code of the firm then he is not worth to work in the organization. An employee can only be trusted and relied upon if he can follow the moral and ethical value of the organization.  

Choosing a College Course Essay Example for Free

Choosing a College Course Essay Introduction Many students find it difficult in choosing what course to take in college. For seniors or graduating high school students, the pressure goes higher as the end of their term is coming because the time is running and decreasing for deciding what course they will take. Choosing a course is really a hard decision to make. Your future depends on it and the decision you will make would determine what life you will have in the future. This is the first step in your life as an independent person and this is the first step for your success. You should be careful in choosing a course because when you have started on it there is no way getting back. You can shift to another course but a lot of thing will be wasted: your effort, money and time. So from the start you should pick the right one and you should make up your mind that this is the course for you and this will lead you to success. Many would say that they haven’t chosen yet or they were not sure about the course they want to pursue. Some might have chosen before and decided what to take but in the end they want to change it because they weren’t sure or still confused. And the wide range of choices of college courses made it more difficult to choose. But you are not really â€Å"clueless† in choosing what course to take, there are some factors you would consider and this might help you pick the suitable and best course for you. Your Personal Interests The most basic consideration in the choice of a college major or college course is, of course, what you want. Is there something that you’ve always wanted to get into, something that resonates within the very fiber of your being? If so, that may be where you’re meant to go. The more interested you are in a subject, the more likely you are to study it and achieve a strong result. This is particularly important at college when you are responsible for your own study. List the fields of study that interest you, and come up with a list of courses you would consider studying based on these interests. Add the topics that you were most interested in during school as well as jobs that you envied others for. At some point, many students try to fit in a course or two based purely on personal interest. While their majors may reflect their primary interest, most people are interested in more than one intellectual pursuit, so a biology major who has a passion for movies might take a film course. This is not necessarily what are you good at, but what do you love doing? You might be great at math, but you spend your weekends fixing up bits of old computers. So don’t study math, focus on IT or computer engineering instead. Specialize in your passion. Cost Of Study Affordability is another aspect you need to consider while deciding on your course, as well as the additional costs that occur, such as text books, field trips etc. However, do not let cost hamper your career choice, as there are a number of financial assistance options available to complete the course. College tuitions soar each year, advancing far in excess of the inflation rate. The overall inflation rate since 1986 increased 115.06%, which is why we pay more than double for everything we buy. On the other hand, during the same time, tuition increased a whopping 498.31%. See chart below Many schools have increased tuition fees due to higher overhead costs. Fuel and labor costs continue to rise. Many older college buildings are in need of renovation or replacement. The demand for expanded libraries and new research and computer labs is at an all-time high. Some schools also need additional security measures. But Dont Let College Costs Scare You! These costs may seem overwhelming, but there are ways to keep expenses down. Remember that college educations come at all levels of cost, and that financial aid can reduce that cost. If a school is a great fit for you but seems too expensive, it makes sense to apply and then see whether your financial aid offer will bring the cost down. Dont give up on a college because of its sticker price. Financial Aids Grants and scholarships are the most desirable types of funding you can receive to pay for your college education, since they don’t need to be repaid. While any amount of free money will be competitive, especially in a tough economic climate, the sooner and more often you apply the more luck you’ll have. The list of reasons why a scholarship may be given to a particular student is quite long, although some of the more popular awards are given to students who achieve academically, are athletically gifted, choose to enroll in a particular program of study, are part of a certain kind of organization, or choose to enroll in the military and still further their education. A scholarship might cover the entire cost of your tuition, or it might be a one-time award of some cash. Either way, it’s worth applying for, because it’ll help reduce the cost of your education. Career opportunities Look at the career prospects of the course before selecting one. Consider various factors such as income, job security, stress, responsibility and other benefits while researching a profession. Not all courses are created equal. Yes, they all offer a diploma upon completion, but they dont guarantee a job. When you are choosing a major, it would be wise to check out the job placement statistics of others who have pursued this degree. There is no reason why you should be the guinea pig; if a specific career is your reason for choosing this major, investigate the success of others. If you want to avoid a data entry position, check out all of the opportunities available and your chance at landing one of those positions after graduation. Commitment, Time and Practical Considerations Choosing a college course requires you to look inwards and assess your commitment to your chosen path. Assuming that you have the issue of money and other practical considerations settled, do you actually possess the skills and the patience to go the distance? Moreover, do you actually want to do so? There’s also a chance that your parents may be expecting you to tread a certain academic path; will you have the strength and the will to stick it out against all odds? You should also be aware of what you’re getting into when choosing a college major. What will your college course require you to do? Are you willing to do it? As a case in point, if you’re squeamish about the sight of blood, why should you decide to go for a Nursing Degree? To be certain that you will be committed to your studies, find out the duration of your course. Taking double-degrees, full time or part-time depends on your personal choice. Ensure that you will be able to balance your other priorities along with education. Study flexibility varies amongst universities. Demand If your goal is to be employed immediately after graduation, base your choice not on popular courses, but on employable courses, or courses that are the most in-demand in the job market. Job seeking is becoming an increasingly competitive sport these days. With thousands of students graduating each year and limited number of job opportunities available to them, plenty of job seekers end up resorting to options they wouldn’t had to choose if they had other alternatives. These days, there is no time to get into a career and then decide if it is the right one for you. You should know right from the beginning what is right for you and what career you can excel in. Thanks to the very competitive nature of the employment sector, getting the right job or choosing the right career is not as easy as it once used to be. Everyone is looking for help in deciding what career should be chosen. Obviously, in todays competitive world, everyone wants a job or career that has high pay, job stability, and great future prospects. However, owing to the bad effects of the recently experienced economic recession, a majority of people are looking forward to changing careers. The careers that are being sought after are top jobs in demand for the future, which are mostly from the medical field. The main reason why medical jobs are and will be in demand is because they do not have any impact of the financial crisis arising in the economy. So if you want to secure a job in the future, pick a course that is in demand after you graduate. Conclusion Even you have known some things that you might consider in choosing a course, the choice is still yours and the one who will decide is no other but you. Choose on what you think is the best for you and what you think that will give you success. But remember that even you have chosen a course that is qualified for all the factors listed and will give great results, it not ends in there. The most important thing is in everything you do always give your best shot. Work hard for everything you want to achieve and accomplish. Don’t quit and never give up. And most of all ask God for help and guidance in everything you do. Pray for it. God has the best plan for you. When you do all these things, I’m sure that whatever course you will take, you will be successful and you will have a wonderful future.

Peru Essay Example for Free

Peru Essay The country of Peru is entrenched in a colourful history of wonder and innovation. This South American country has a diverse array of cultures, lands, foods and languages amoung other distinct and unique attractions. Peru is best known for its Incan mystical historic site, Machu Picchu and the Nazca Lines. Peru also consists of the world’s highest navigable lake, Lake Titicaca which it shares with Bolivia. Despite Peru’s large pallet of exclusive appeals however, it does have internal problems in relation with its socio-economic realm; which has hindered its advancement as a society in many ways. Some problems in Peru revolve around poverty, a growing gap in inequality, and extreme debt to foreign corporations and organization such as the International Monetary Fund. Due to these problems and many others Peru remains a developing nation. This report will consist of four sections that will fully explore Peru and its people. The four sections are geography, society, economy, and the political system of Peru. Geography: Peru as a whole has an area of 1,285,216 km? in its territory. The countries of Ecuador (1,529 km border) and Colombia (1,506 km) border Peru to the north, while Brazil (border 2,822 km) and Bolivia (1,047 km) border Peru to the east. Chile (border 169 km) and Bolivia also border Peru to the south. Peru’s landscape can be best classified by three distinct regions. These regions are made up of a coastal region running parallel to the Pacific Ocean sea line, the highlands (the Andes), and the Eastern lowlands more specifically the jungle (the Amazon). Each section is distinct in its own characteristics which make Peru a diverse country. The coastal region of Peru houses Peru’s capital Lima amoung other large cities (such as Trujillo, and Chiclayo). This region is paramount for aquatic life and rich in gorgeous beaches. The highland region of Peru contains the Andes Mountains. This region is most known for the city of Cuzco (the highest above sea level city in the world). The land located there is also rich in valuable minerals (such as gold, copper, silver, gold, petroleum, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash which in turn has attracted a lot of corporations) . This region is also known for Machu Picchu, which is a historic landmark where the nobles and kings of the Incan empire once lived (the indigenous Peruvians). This site is also considered to be a mystical spot, a centre of worship, and an astronomic observatory for the Incas that have attracted a lot of tourists . Along the slopes of this region also lies the Altiplano plateau (a dry basin). This region more specifically is located near southeastern Peru. This section also borders Chile and is known for the Atacama Desert (the driest place on earth). In this desert located between the coastal region and the Andes lies Nazca. This land is also very famous for its ‘Nazca lines’. These lines are massive imprints of animal figures and other designs stretching across the desert which have remained there for centuries. To the East of Peru lies a massive tropical jungle named the Amazon Forest (the biggest in the world, it is as large as Western Europe or the whole of the US) . The Amazonian forest is the habitat of thousands of different species of animals and plants. It also is famous for medicines found there. The Amazon also contains one of the biggest rivers in the world named the Amazon River ‘its length lies anywhere between 6,259 km (3,889 miles) and 6,800 km (4,225 miles). It has over 1,000 tributaries, 8 of which are over 2,000 kilometers’ . To the very South of Peru integrated with Bolivia is Lake Titicaca (the highest navigable above sea level lake in the world) . Geographically Peru is very rich in resources and beauty, but for that same reason Peru faces significant environmental and political consequences. Some problems associated with Peru and its land is deforestation (some the result of illegal logging mostly in the Amazon regions); overgrazing of the slopes of the costal region and highland region leading to soil erosion; desertification; and other hazards such as air pollution especially in Lima; pollution of rivers and coastal waters from municipal and mining wastes . These problems have greatly limited Peru from retaining a healthy and secure environment for its citizens. Despite Peru’s problems with its environment, the majority of the Peruvian society cannot be completely held responsible. There are issues (such as powerful politicians and foreign investors) which greatly deprive Peruvian citizens from having the ability to truly govern themselves. Society: Peruvian society is highly stratified between the rich and the poor. Peru’s total population consists of 27,167,000 inhabitants. 71% of which subsists in urban areas while 29% of Peru’s total population lives in rural areas. There is a distinct difference in quality of life between the Peruvians who live in urban areas versus the people who live in rural areas (which is predominately poorer). Peru’s ethnicities are mainly divided by Amerindian 45%, mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 37%, white 15%, black, Japanese, Chinese, and other 3%. The official languages of Peru are Spanish (official), Quechua (official, spoken by the indigenous), and Aymara. The Spanish language in Peru is predominately used due to Peru’s history of colonization by Spain during the 1520s. Also because of the colonization of Peru, 90% of the Peruvian population is Roman Catholic. Peru in terms of specific characteristics of their overall population is quite common for a third world. According to the World Bank the average life expectancy for a Peruvian citizen is seven one years old. According to the World Health Organization, the life expectancy for most males in Peru is sixty-eight years old. While for females seventy-three years old is the most common age of death. The World Health Organization also explains that in Peru child mortality rates per thousand people are thirty-six for males and thirty-two for females; and for adults it is one-hundred and ninety-three for males, and one-hundred and thirty-three for females. Uncommon however to most third world countries, Peru’s literacy rates above the age of fifteen who can read and write for all of Peru’s population is 88% (95. 2% for males, and 86. 8% for females). For the most part, Peru’s social situation is extremely interconnected with Peru’s economy and its division of power. Economy: Peru’s economy is very dependent on foreign investment and aid. Like most developing nations, Peru is rich in natural resources, but poor in efficiency in retaining economic sovereignty in relation to the international market. Peru is heavily into debt with foreign corporations. According to the World Bank, as of 2006 Peru’s total debt per GDP was 30. 2 billion dollars US. According to the same source Peru’s total debt in service and exports as of 2006 was 12. 9 billion dollars US. This massive debt that Peru is chained to drastically diminishes Peru’s ability to have true sovereignty and the ability to provide the best interests for its people. For this reason 11% of Peru’s population lives below one dollar US per day (1995-2005) . But although a lot of Peruvians live in poverty, the country’s economic growth rate has been going up. It was said by Peru’s â€Å"Economy and Finance Minister Luis Carranza †¦ that Peru’s 2007 economic growth was 8. 3 percent, the highest since 1994† . This ironic actuality exposes the degree of inequality in Peru. If the nation itself seems to be improving, then so should the conditions of its people; but this is not true in this case. From a purely economics standpoint the World Bank dictates that Peru’s annual average annual growth of GDP per capita was 7. % in 2007. The World Bank also states that Peru’s main economic centers and industries are set up as follows: By percent of GDP, Peru’s agriculture sector is 6. 3%, the industry sector is 35. 2%, the manufacturing sector 15. 1% and Peru’s biggest sector being services accounts for 58. 5%. To give a better idea of what Peru offers to the international market in terms of exports, Peru is ‘the worlds leading silver producer and ranks second in copper and zinc†¦ Among other products, Peru is a global supplier of asparagus, fish, grapes, and organic bananas’ . These statistics show that Peru does have the ability to compete in the international market if it could set its own prices for the goods it exports and if it were not in debt to international organizations. But because Peru must oblige to institutions such as the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, and World Trade Organization, Peru has no chance of removing the shackles of foreign power. Political System: Peru politically is a republic and contains a multi-party system that sponsors a president. The capital of Peru is Lima, and it is here where the President of Peru Mr. Alan Garcia Perez situates his reign . The major political parties in Peru are the Peruvian Aprista Party or PAP (Alan Garcia Perez is the leader of this party); the Independent Moralizing Front or FIM; the National Unity (Unidad Nacional) or UN; Peru Posible or PP; Popular Action or AP; Solucion Popular; Somos Peru or SP; and the Union for Peru or UPP. Peru has a democratic system where a president is elected through a party. The government similar to the North is divided into three branches the Executive, the Legislative made up by 120 members of the Congress who are elected for a five year-period; and the Judiciary, made up by the Supreme Court. Peru politically is in turmoil with its people. There are many groups such as the Sendero Luminoso (Shining Path) who oppose the neo-liberal type of government in Peru. Peru does have free democratic elects but history has shown in Peru (especially with president Fujimori) that most politicians have become corrupt and weak to foreign influences (especially the USA). To conclude the Peruvian people need to come together to conquer the influence of Western capitalism, inequality, and the rule of the elites in Peru. If Peru ever wishes to become truly independent and fair for all its citizens it must break off ties with dominating international organizations and nationalize a lot of its markets. Only when Peru is free of debt and agreements which favor the wealthy of Peru instead of all of its citizens will Peru find true development. Peru must utilize its vast amount of resources to help all of its citizens not just the elite.

Comparing America And Asias Elderly Care Social Work Essay

Comparing America And Asias Elderly Care Social Work Essay In general, society considers the elderly as persons above the ages of sixty or sixty-five. This is usually the beginning of old age as a person becomes less active in political, social and economic affairs. Though there are elderly persons who are in good health and active members of their communities, majority are the ones whose physical and mental functions are on the decline. Since they are not able to get along on their own, majority of the elderly persons require attention and care from their loved ones as well as friends. Consequently, psychologists use the term elderly care to refer to the personal as well as medical attention that this group of the population receives. It is evident that elderly care takes a variety of forms, ranging from personal care such as feeding and dressing, to medical attention. In addition, the care that a family chooses for its elderly persons will depend on their needs. This is because some of the elderly persons may still be in good health while others may be frail. Consequently, some of them may require home-based care while others may need specialized attention in a nursing home or in a hospital. Whatever the case, the elderly do need some form of care. In this study, I shall focus on the American culture and the Asian culture, and make comparisons between the two, in relation to the aspect of caring for the elderly. For the Asian culture, I shall examine the Japanese. In both United States of America and Japan, the number of elderly persons is on the increase. This means that both governments have to consider and put in place the best mechanisms to cater for this group of the population. Different communities accord the elderly different forms of care, depending on how their cultures dictate. The way a community perceives old age will therefore affect the manner in which it treats the elderly. The responsibility of caring for the elderly in Caucasian and Japanese cultures lies mainly with the woman, because these societies consider her as an innate caregiver due to her maternal abilities and instincts. However, this is also due to the fact that, over the years, the woman has fewer opportunities in the economic scene, and as a result, she remains at home most of the time to take care of her children and the elderly. On the other hand, when the woman is able to access the labor market, she finds herself in positions where she has to provide care for others. Most nurses, school and hospital matrons are women. However, in the above cultures, children also participate in elderly care, as a form of compensation for the nurture their parents gave them when they were young. The American society places a lot of emphasis on staying young. Consequently, as Samovar et. al. (2009) notes we find a culture that prefers youth to old age. (p.71). This negative perception of old age makes the young people avoid staying together with the elderly and caring for them. The older adult population rather than the young adults are the ones taking care of the elderly. This explains why some families in the United States give over their old relatives to nursing homes. This does not however mean that the young cut all their links with their elderly relatives. They do provide support and maintain contact with them. The nursing homes are an option for the elderly people who have no family or relatives to look after them at home. This is especially the case for those who are physically handicapped and require the help of another person to take care of them. Though the nursing homes have become the choice for most families with elderly relatives, they do have their limitations. Some of these institutions for the elderly have become money-making ventures, therefore reducing their emphasis on the needs of the elderly. Poor hygiene and lack of trained medical personnel and quality treatment as well as poor feeding programs are some of the problems the elderly face in these nursing homes. Moreover, placing the elderly in nursing homes limits their freedoms as they have to follow the stipulated program. They cannot choose when to feed, sleep, interact with their fellow housemates and cannot keep their belongings. However, nursing homes for the elderly still remain the option for most American families, as there has not been much success with home-based care. On a positive note, the elderly persons in American society have more groups of friends and neighbors whom they can go to for support, than the aged people in Japanese society. This means that the American elderly are likely to receive care from their friends and neighbors, apart from their immediate family members. However, the Americans usually tend to give special care to their elderly only after they learn that the latter are facing a medical problem. However, since the family is still the main caregiver for the elderly, some of the American families employ professional nurses to take care of their old at home, instead of sending them away to nursing homes. Another reason for this is that, institutions for taking care of the elderly are expensive, and some of these families are not able to afford them. Moreover, some families opt to take their elderly to day nursing institutions, where they receive care throughout the day and then return home in the evening. This is suitable for those people who are working and cannot stay with the elderly relatives during the day as they have to report to work. It is also convenient for working adults who cannot afford specialized care for their elderly ones, either at home or in a nursing institution. In some instances, the elderly person may be able to live in his or her own house, and may be strong enough not to require specialized attention and care. In such cases, the family members of such an elderly person find a house near other aged people, in areas where the amenities they need on a day-to-day basis are readily available. This form of elderly care appeals to the community and involves them in taking responsibility for this group of the population. On the economic front, some of the big corporate organizations have introduced benefit schemes for their employees, in order to help them in caring for their elderly relatives. This is because most companies want to avoid losses in production, due to having employees who have to work while at the same time take care of their elderly relatives. Some companies also provide home-based care services for the elderly, but as a profit-making venture. This however, has a negative side to it as these privatized services are costly and not many families are able to afford them. On the other hand, Asian culture of the Japanese has a positive perception of the elderly. It teaches the children to respect and care for the elderly. The Japanese consider the family as the prime caregiver for their elderly, and in this case, it is usually a female member of the family who carries out this duty. This is because the Japanese believe that it is not in order to take the elderly to a nursing home as this is equivalent to neglecting ones responsibility of taking care of ones parents. This also makes the Japanese families give the required care to their elderly relatives throughout their old age, rather than only when they are facing a health problem. In the case of aged people who are not related to the family, Japanese wives or their daughters are the ones who tend to give their elderly friends the care they need. Sometimes, the daughters-in-law also give care to the elderly, especially if the patient is female. However, if other friends and non relatives are living under the same roof with the elderly persons, they may provide the necessary care to the latter. This is in contrast to the case of the American elderly who receive care from their family as well as friends and neighbors. In Japan, the activity of giving care to the elderly is mainly as an act of duty, rather than voluntary will. The caregiver considers this act as one that he or she has to give, and in most cases, the Japanese wife will provide the elderly attention at her husbands request. The dependence of the Japanese elderly on their immediate family is also evident in the fact that most of them rely on their spouses and their children for financial support. Since the Japanese believe that giving the elderly care is a womans job, the men usually leave this task to their wives. However, though the Japanese men are away from home most of the time, they also contribute to elderly care by giving their spouses financial as well as emotional assistance. Again, by participating in looking after their children, they allow their wives to find time to take care of the elderly members of the family. Elderly care in Japan still remains largely in the hands of the family, especially for those who are not sickly and in need of specialized medical attention. However, caring for the elderly at home is no longer the only option, and families have begun taking the old to nursing homes. This is due to a number of reasons such as the aging of the family members providing the care as well as the increasing involvement of the Japanese women in formal training and employment. Moreover, Japanese families are not living in large numbers as they did in the past. However, the number of nursing homes for the elderly and professional caregivers is on the decrease because of the Japanese belief that it is the immediate family which bears the responsibility of taking care of their elderly relatives. The elderly who are in need of very little personal and health care remain at home, but get visits from personnel who attend to them. This happens either a few times a week or every day depending on the needs of the elderly person. Due to the rising demand for health caregivers for the elderly, Japan has sought the help of care personnel from the Philippines. These caregivers are more experienced and are willing to work at a low pay. Due to the increase in the elderly population, financial resources have not been enough to allow families to put their relatives under specialized care at home and in nursing institutions. It is due to this situation that hospitals in Japan have offered to accommodate the elderly who are in need of both personal as well as medical attention. This way, the elderly in Japan can access long-term care. Though on a small-scale, the Japanese elderly engage in volunteering programs where they offer services to the community and in turn, they receive personal as well as medical care. There are however some similarities in the aspects of elderly care in American and Japanese cultures. Care for the elderly is still one of the concerns of both the United States and Japanese governments, though they differ in their policies. America gives priority to provision of medical attention, pension for retirees and shelter, while the Japanese government came up with policies to put in place insurance for every citizen including the elderly, for a long-term period. In both countries, the increase in aging members of the population has put a lot of pressure on the medical as well as retirement schemes. However, technological advances in medicine have increased and they are being used to improve the life-expectancy levels of the American and Japanese aging populations. Again, since women are increasingly going into formal employment, the men in both countries are also becoming more and more involved in elderly care. In conclusion, due to lifestyle changes, many people have started living in smaller groups and families, and are also located far from each other. Consequently, caring for the elderly can no longer be the responsibility of the immediate family alone, but has to be a prerogative of governments, non governmental organizations as well as private institutions.

China Essay -- Chinese Economy Market Essays

China   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The history of China is embeded with revolution and tension dating back to the feudal periods and the " first unified Chinese empire under Qi Shi Huang Di in 221 B.C. " The Confucianism ideology entrenched in the minds of the Chinese people with its conservative base and the need to achieve harmony in society has yet to be reached and most likely, never will. The proletariat is at the heart of the Marxist-Maoist approach to politics and the basic way of life for the Chinese masses considering that "...roughly 85% of the population is based in peasantry..." While Marxism, as implemented by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and Nationalism have historically hindered the people of China; a growing need to conform to capitilism is plainly obvious if there will ever be success in the global market.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Marxist theory is based on a classless society where the proletariat or working class is given the opportunity to exist on an equal social level with the remainder of the people while given a form of leadership of its own for the first time. The dictatorship of the proletariat in communist China called the " peoples democratic dictatorship " is considered by the Chinese Communist Party to be truly democratic, since it is the dictatorship of the vast majority, the ‘ people' over a tiny minority of reactionaries. The Chinese Communist Party formed in 1921 is founded upon strict Marxist beliefs that coincide with ideas expressed in the Communist Manifesto.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  " The CCP has, as it's mission the creation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  of a stateless classless society. Because the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  dictatorship of the proletariat must be led by the party of the proletariat, the CCP by virtue   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  of being the vanguard of the working class, and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  because of its knowledge of Marxism-Leninism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  and its organizatioal capacities, is best able to understand and realize the interests of all people." The Communist Manifesto described the " conquest of political power by the proletariat " as the objective of the Communist. " The fundamentals of the CCP were originally based on extreme ‘leftist' views that centered around the proletariat. The party would virtually work for the victory of socialism in China while at the same time, looking to dismiss capitalism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mao Zedong, one of the fou... ...ve all presently or over time worked against China flourishing into the new world of capitalism and free enterprise. In order for China to succeed and reach the ‘harmony' its Confucian ideology promises, Marxism, nationalism and sinocentrism must all be abandoned in the attempt to reach a democratic, capitalist lifestyle and business practice. Works Cited: Hay, Morris, Lin, and Yao. Economic Reform and State owned Enterprises in China ,1979-87 Clarenden Press: Oxford. 1994 Infeld, Al. China as a Model of Development Orbis Books: New York. 1976 Kraus, Willy. Economic Development and Social Change in the Peoples Republic of China Springer-Verlag: New York, Heidelberg and Berlin. 1990 Leonhard, Wolfgang. The Three Faces of Marxixm Holt, Rinehart and Winston: New York, Chicago and San Fransisco. 1974 Ogden, Dr. Suzanne. China (Sixth ed.) Dushkin Publishing Group/Brown and Benchmark Publishers: Connecticut. 1995 Waller, Derek J. The Government and Politics of Communist China Anchor Books: Garden City, New York. 1991 World Press Review - Understanding China March, 1996. M. Zuckerman. U.S. News and World Report - China's New Reality. March 15, 1995.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder (npd) - Criteria :: essays research papers

<a href="http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites Please read CAREFULLY! The text in italics is NOT based on the Diagnostics and Statistics Manual, Fourth Edition (1994). the text in italics IS based on "Malignant Self Love - Narcissism Revisited" (1999) An all-pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behaviour), need for admiration or adulation and lack of empathy, usually beginning by early adulthood and present in various contexts. Five (or more) of the following criteria must be met: (1) Feels grandiose and self-importance (e.g., exaggerates achievements and talents to the point of lying, demands to be recognized as superior without commensurate achievements) (2) Is obsessed with fantasies of unlimited success, fame, fearsome power or omnipotence, unequalled brilliance (the cerebral narcissist), bodily beauty or sexual performance (the somatic narcissist) , or ideal, everlasting, all-conquering love or passion (3) Firmaly convinced that he or she is unique and, being special, can only be understood by, should only be treated by, or associate with, other special or unique, or high-status people (or institutions) (4) Requires excessive admiration, adulation, attention and affirmation - or, failing that, wishes to be feared and to be notorious (narcissistic supply) . (5) Feels entitled. Expects unreasonable or special and favourable priority treatment. Demands automatic and full compliance with his or her expectations (6) Is "interpersonally exploitative", i.e., uses others to achieve his or her own ends (7) Devoid of empathy. Is unable or unwilling to identify with or acknowledge the feelings and needs of others (8) Constantly envious of others or believes that they feel the same about him or her (9) Arrogant, haughty behaviours or attitudes coupled with rage when frustrated, contradicted, or confronted. Some of the language in the criteria above is based on or summarized from:

Multiculturalism in Mother Tongue, Memorial Day and Multiculturalism, a

Multiculturalism in Mother Tongue, Memorial Day and Multiculturalism, and College Writing      Ã‚  Ã‚   As an American it is very important to understand the different concepts of assimilation and multiculturalism. It is these terms that differ one person from everybody else in some kind of way. Multiculturalism is a term that is just what it sounds like. It is including several cultures. According to the American Heritage dictionary, multiculturalism is " a social or educational theory or program that encourages interest in many cultures within a society rather than in only one mainstream culture. " Assimilation is the exact opposite of what multiculturalism is. Assimilation is described to be where " a minority group gradually adopts the customs and attitudes of the prevailing culture. " So how does one decide whether to believe in assimilation or multiculturalism? Well the truth to that question is that there really is no direct correct belief. It all depends on the person. On how their past was like, who their parents are and where they came from. Some of the greater issues that come up when talking about assimilation versus multiculturalism are language, literacy, power, and difference in American culture. Amy Tan's reading titled " Mother Tongue ", Thomas Bray's " Memorial Day and multiculturalism ", and Maxine Hairston's " College Writing " readings are amongst one of the most appropriate in addressing the issues of multiculturalism and assimilation. One of the greatest differences in American culture right now is language. This is because people come from all sorts of different countries into America and only know how to speak their own native language. Many people come over to America to work here... ...most people in American have come together to form a part of assimilation; however not to it's fullest. Although people are proud to keep their American culture and initiate with it as much as possible, I feel that people must not forget their own personal heritage from where they were born. The Idea of assimilation for me is just as important as multiculturalism. I will be just as proud to learn and follow in the English language, as I will be to remember all that I have been taught about my Russian culture.    Works Cited: Bray Thomas. " Memorial Day and Multiculturalism, " Detroit News 24 May 1998 Tan Amy. " Mother Tongue. " Border text: cultural reading for contemporary writers Ed. Randal Bass. Boston: Houghton- Mifflin, 1999 Hairston Maxine. " College Writing ." College Composition and Communication 43.2. University of Texas, 1992  

It331 Documentation

Infinet Infinet is a company that has been providing networking and data communications solutions for companies since 1994. Infinet has throughout the years stayed on top of current networking trends and technologies to ensure reliability and extensive network lifetimes for Infinet’s customers. Our clients range all across the southern and southwestern states of the U. S. Infinet’s mission to its customers is to provide them a network resolution that suits their needs and budget with the highest reliability that current technology can offer.Infinet has many different teams working within the company to maintain positive relations and to provide the highest level of customer service. Technical Support – Infinet offers its clients technical support 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Technical support is available to help troubleshoot with clients to attempt to reach a resolution as soon as possible. Sales Team – Infinet’s sales representatives work with o ur potential customers to determine the customer’s needs and forward the information they gather to Infinet’s design team.Design Team – The design team at Infinet is primarily responsible for the development of a project plan, diagrams, and the implementation of the project plan. The design team is then responsible for the presentation of their proposal to the client in a way that is easy for the client to understand. Networking Team – Once a deal has been made with a client the project is then handed to the networking team. The networking team at Infinet is responsible for the installation of all hardware, software, cabling, and any other type of device to be installed.The networking staff at Infinet is the most crucial part of Infinet. Training for client employees is also provided by the networking team. TTI’s Proposal The following is a list of TTI’s major needs as stated in our documentation that Infinet received. Network Design †¢ TTI must stay within the regulations regarding network design to remain in compliance with various regulations. †¢The network must be separated into two networks, Curriculum and Administrator, and not allow access from the Curriculum Network to any computers or servers on the Administrator network. A maximum of 200 workstations will be deployed at each campus for the Curriculum network and a maximum of 50 computers for the Administration network. †¢The network must facilitate 100x growth in LAN throughput, 2x growth in WAN throughput, and a 10x growth in the main campus internet connection. It must also remain functional for a minimum of 5 years. †¢The four new schools must connect via the ISP’s internal network into a central device at headquarters and forward any internet requests through the headquarters’ internet connection. †¢Each campus will have a MDF room where data will be sent and forwarded as needed.The Houston West campus will include an MDF as well as an IDF on the second floor to forward data to the MDF. †¢Each school has four labs that require 31 connections. There needs to be 3 runs of cabling to the 30 computers on the Curriculum network and 1 run of cable to terminate at the instructor’s computer on the Administrator network. †¢All computers on the Administration network will have their ip addresses set statically and all computers on the Curriculum network will obtain their ip addresses automatically from a DHCP server. DHCP Server †¢Each campus will have a DHCP server to hand out ip addresses to nodes on the Curriculum network.DNS and E-Mail †¢DNS and e-mail servers will be implemented in a hierarchical manner with all services located on the master server at the main campus. †¢All DNS and e-mail servers will be capable to communicate with each other in the event that the master server becomes unavailable. Administrative Server †¢TTI will need to have an Administration s erver at each school site to interface with the DBMS at headquarters for student tracking, grades, attendance, and other functions †¢The Administration server must not be accessible by any students or the Curriculum network. Web Server TTI will need a web server to host its virtual library which will house an online library for curricular research and give students access to several online databases. Application Server †¢All computer applications will be housed on a server at each school location to provide the IT staff with an easy solution to upgrading applications. FTP Server †¢An FTP server will be setup to provide TTI staff with a quick way to recover missing or corrupt files. Executive Summary Infinet has recently received a request from TTI to implement a network plan to meet the addition of four new campuses within the state of Texas.We believe that we have come up with the most reliable and secure plan to meet your needs at a reasonably low price. In our plan we have included many options to provide TTI with our personal recommendations as well as options lower in cost to suit TTI’s financial obligations. Infinet will take on all responsibility of hardware and software installations as well as an effective training plan to give the IT staff at TTI the tools they need to monitor and maintain their network. Assumptions and Constraints The following list is a few assumptions that Infinet has made based the information TTI has presented. TTI has already laid down the cabling or has done so with the construction of the building. †¢TTI will remain responsible for any physical security of network components and servers. †¢Proper cooling will be available in the MDF and IDF rooms. †¢TTI is needs new workstations to be purchased and installed. If we are wrong with any of our assumptions we have made a few possible solutions. †¢Infinet has the staff and resources to lay down any cabling if need be. †¢Infinet has in cluded the option to omit any costs for new workstations if TTI has no desire to upgrade their current workstations.Deliverables Based upon the previous information, Infinet has come up with what we plan to bring to the table. †¢Infinet will propose hardware and costs with several options for TTI to better suit their budget and needs. †¢Infinet will provide a project schedule and implementation timeline to clarify each phase of the project. †¢Infinet will identify the network topology and layout. Our main highlights will include the following. o4 T1 data lines for point-to-point connectivity and 1 T1-speed data frame relay to connect all sites to the Internet. Fiber optic-multi mode backbone. oSegment LAN at each site into two networks, administrator and curriculum. oSuccessful network connectivity with campuses to the main campus as well as Internet connectivity. oEstablishment of MDF’s at each location as well as an IDF at the Houston location on the second f loor. oImplementation of an IP subnet capable to meet current needs and to facilitate growth. oDHCP configuration with student network and static IP addresses assigned to the administrator network. oInstallation of DHCP, DNS, and Application servers at each site.Each location will have a separate Administration server that will directly communicate with the DBMS at the main campus. oThe main campus will include the main DNS server, DNS, IIS, Active Directory, Exchange, Web, Application, and FTP servers. †¢Infinet will provide a comprehensive backup solution for data and power. †¢Infinet will ensure security to the Administration LAN as well as a firewall to deny access from any device outside the TTI network. †¢Infinet will present a training plan for the IT support staff for TTI to give them the necessary knowledge and tools to monitor and maintain the network. Infinet will have a prototype for display to demonstrate our ability to effectively separate the Curriculum and Administration networks. Project Plan Implementation and Timeline There are going to be 7 major steps to complete the project. 1. Inspect locations Verify the current setup and identify the requirements that TTI needs to accomplish before installation takes place. Also to identify the location of the new hardware and verify what is needed. Jason: Dallas, Scott: Houston, Troy: San Antonio, Tyson: Austin An estimated 4. 5 days will be needed to complete the inspection of all sites. 2. Purchasing and DeliveryAll hardware that has been deemed necessary will be ordered and delivered to each site. During this time, Technician’s will be coordinated at each site to prepare for hardware installation. An estimated 18. 5 days will be needed to complete purchasing and delivery of all sites. 3. Hardware Installation All hardware will be installed and setup at each location. This includes all Workstations, Servers, Networking Equipment and Cabling. An estimated 11. 5 days will be need ed to complete hardware installation of all sites. 4. Software Installation All software and server services will be setup and implemented at all locations.Routers, switches and firewalls will be configured and optimized for network communication between sites. Workstations will be setup with their appropriate network configuration. An estimated 4. 5 days will be needed to complete software installation of all sites. 5. Finish Installation and Network Testing All hardware and software installation will be finished and network setup will be verified and tested for problems. Security policies and double firewall will be tested for weaknesses from outside Internet connectivity. Backup solution will be tested and verified with a complete disaster recovery plan.An estimated 11. 5 days will be needed to complete the finish Installation and network-testing phase of all sites. 6. Training Training for the TTI administration and IT staff, so that they will be fully capable of maintaining and monitoring the network using SNMP standards. An estimated 5 days training will be needed for training. 7. Support Period: 10 day on call support. Any problems detected during this 10 day period will be corrected by Infinet. Project Details Network Topology TTI Network Overview All campuses will be connected through the ISP’s internal network.Internet access from the campuses will be forwarded to the Houston Headquarters and then out to the internet through Houston’s T3 or Frame Relay connection. Houston Headquarters Campus The Houston Main Campus will house the main DBMS server and the master backup server. The application, main DNS, DHCP, and Active Directory servers will also be located in the MDF. Each of the other four campuses’ internet connections will be forwarded to the Houston campus’ router, Cisco 7204 VXR, which will then forward internet connectivity through the Houston campus’ T3 or ISDN connection.The T3 or ISDN connection will be gu arded by a PIX515e firewall that will block all incoming requests except those for web and e-mail traffic. Houston West Campus The Houston West campus has the same setup as the other campuses, minus Houston Headquarters, except that cable runs will come from the MDF to a switch on the second floor that computers on that floor will connect to. It hosts local DNS, E-Mail, DHCP, and application servers as well. Dallas, San Antonio, and Austin Campuses These campuses will host local DNS, DHCP, application, E-Mail, and FTP servers and have T1 connections.Project Details IP Schema The IP addressing scheme we chose is designed to make administering the network easier. Each IP address will allow TTI’s IT staff to identify if it belongs on the student or administrator network and what its physical campus location is. The chart below provides the details. HoustonHouston WestAustinDallasSan Antonio Student Network10. 1. 5. 0/2410. 1. 15. 0/2410. 1. 25. 0/2410. 1. 35. 0/2410. 1. 45. 0/24 Admin Network10. 1. 10. 0/2510. 1. 20. 0/2510. 1. 30. 0/2510. 1. 40. 0/2510. 1. 50. 0/25 Student Range10. 1. 5. 2 – 10. 1. 5. 25410. 1. 5. 2 – 10. 1. 15. 25410. 1. 25. 2 – 10. 1. 25. 254 10. 1. 35. 2 – 10. 1. 35. 25410. 1. 45. 2 – 10. 1. 45. 254 Admin Range10. 1. 10. 2 – 10. 1. 10. 12610. 1. 20. 2 – 10. 1. 20. 12610. 1. 30. 2 – 10. 1. 30. 12610. 1. 40. 2 – 10. 1. 40. 12610. 1. 50. 2 – 10. 1. 50. 126 Student Gateway10. 1. 5. 110. 1. 15. 110. 1. 25. 110. 1. 35. 110. 1. 45. 1 Admin Gateway10. 1. 10. 110. 1. 20. 110. 1. 30. 110. 1. 40. 110. 1. 50. 1 Student Broadcast10. 1. 5. 25510. 1. 15. 25510. 1. 25. 25510. 1. 35. 25510. 1. 45. 255 Admin Broadcast10. 1. 10. 12710. 1. 20. 12710. 1. 30. 12710. 1. 40. 2710. 1. 50. 127 Project Details Security Security planning for the internal and external TTI network should be as follows. †¢A nominal amount of training with the staff will have to be done with regards to physica l and logical security. †¢Logical security should be setup using the firewall for external use and ACL’s, managed switches, and password security for internal security. †¢Using monitoring programs to the benefit of the school and to see where problems may rise. †¢Monitoring tools for service availability and bandwidth management. oNagios oMRTG oEmail NotificationActive Directory Structure TTI. EDU Training and Maintenance Plan Once the project has been completed, Infinet will begin the training of Network and System Administrator personnel at each TTI location. The training will be for the length of 5 days from 8 A. M to 12 P. M. and 1 P. M. to 5 P. M. for a total of 40 hours. Each site will be trained simultaneously from Infinet’s design team. TTI’s IT staff will be trained on the router and switch configurations, IP addressing schemes, all servers and their configurations, troubleshooting techniques, and client node configurations.TTI will also be provided with contact information regarding their WAN connections. Once training has been completed a support period will begin. This support period will last for 10 business days, Monday through Friday. During this period TTI will be responsible for â€Å"digging† into their network to find any bugs or potential problems. Upon the discovery of any problem TTI can contact Infinet’s customer support to work out a resolution. All warranty information on hardware will be held by Infinet until the expiration of the support period at which time TTI will be solely responsible.One item to keep in mind is that although we will discontinue responsibility after the support period, Infinet is always willing to listen to clients’ problems and give suggestions to help the client reach a solution. Risk Analysis The following table addresses particular events that may delay the completion of the project. RiskImpactProbabilityResponse Late arrival of connectivity equipmentLH Push all servers to a â€Å"plug-n-play† state to minimize schedule interference. Cable interferenceHMLocate the source of interference and terminate it or insulate the cabling.Damaged server or wrong server hardwareMMSend equipment back and obtain new equipment Late arrival of serversMMSend equipment back and obtain new equipment ISP problemsMMDepending on response time of ISP, possibly find a new ISP. VPN connectivity problemsMMDiagnose the source and implement solution. Natural disasterHLResolution depends on the effects of the disaster. Sudden increase in the pricing of resourcesMLConsult with TTI. Perhaps find an alternative solution in the case of drastic changes. Poor attendance during training phaseMLHold multiple sessions or commute to certain locations for additional training if necessary.Complications when migrating existing dataMLPerform any conversions or third party support. SQL connectivity problemsMLDiagnose the source and implement solution. Wrong equipment o r damaged equipmentLMSend equipment back and obtain new equipment Backup Strategy Hardware: The Houston campus will house the main backup server. The type of device will be either Dell PowerVault 110T LTO-2-L, a tape drive solution, or Iomega StorCenter Pro 200d, a device that uses random access rather than sequential. The choice of device will be up to TTI. Each campus except for headquarters will use Bytecc 40GB 3. 5†³ LANDisk NAS for data backups.This networked attached storage device utilizes a 100-BaseTX networking interface and a Western Digital 40GB hard drive. Each campus will have a UPS system. The device we have selected, APC Back-UPS RS 1500VA, has an internal alarm, hot swappable batteries, connects via USB or serial, a 110 minute blackout run time, and a $150,000 lifetime equipment protection plan. Strategy: The main campus’ backup device will run a routine scheduled backup nightly that will pull the data from each individual NAS drive. Along with this data, it will backup Active Directory and the Microsoft Exchange email databases.These are items that we have deemed required for backup and any remaining items are to be discussed and implemented into the daily backup schedule. The latest copy of the data will be taken home by the administrator each day so that there is always an off-site duplicate of the backup. Cost Analysis Infinet has worked hard to make an effective solution for TTI. One difference that you will find with our company is that we prefer to provide our clients with options. In our costs proposal we have given TTI options such as the client workstations, backup solutions, and WAN connections.Each option has been analyzed and determined to fit TTI’s needs within the RFP we received. Infinet bids a range of $1,769,487. 96 to $2,425,751. 26 to give TTI the option to weigh their cost versus their needs. Infinet cannot determine what will be the best solution for TTI as it is TTI itself that knows what is best. If TT I has any suggestions regarding hardware, software, or WAN connections Infinet will be readily available to share ideas and work firmly to meet TTI’s demands as a customer. For exact details on the costs breakdown please refer to Appendix A and for hardware descriptions please see Appendix B.Appendix Appendix A: Cost Analysis Breakdown†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦23 Appendix B: Hardware†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦27 Appendix A – Cost Analysis Recommended Cost Sheet Hardware:Quantity:Unit Cost:Total Cost: Dimension 9150 Desktop1250$1,411. 30$1,764,125. 00 Cisco 7204 VXR1$3,958. 90$3,958. 90 PA-MC-8T1 (WIC)1$2,198. 90$2,198. 90 Cisco 2600 XM4$3,376. 99$13,507. 96 Dell PowerEdge 285011$3,291. 20$36,203. 20 Cisco Secure PIX 515E1$2,823. 70$2,823. 70 Cisco Cat alyst 2948G Switch40$4,677. 19$187,087. 56 NAS Network Attached Storage4$153. 99$615. 96 APC APWBR15005$383. 90$1,919. 50 23†³ Equipment Racks 5$143. 0$715. 00 REVStorCenter Pro 200d Series (HQ Backup Server)1$1,978. 90$1,978. 90 Total: $2,015,134. 57 Software:Quantity:Unit Cost:Total Cost: Server 2003 Enterprise CALS (25)2$571. 95$1,143. 89 Microsoft Office Pro 2003 (Open License)1$492. 80$492. 80 Total: $1,636. 69 WAN:Total Months:Monthly Cost:Total 5 Year Cost: 5 Year on T1 (Per Site)60$852. 50$51,150. 00 5 Year on T1 (Per Site)60$852. 50$51,150. 00 5 Year on T1 (Per Site)60$852. 50$51,150. 00 5 Year on T1 (Per Site)60$852. 50$51,150. 00 5 Year on T3 (Headquarters)60$825. 00$49,500. 00 Total Internet Cost: $254,100. 00Labor and Training:Hours:Rate:Total Cost: Team Member (5 Employees)1600$27. 50$44,000. 00 Hardware Technicians (24 Employees)3840$16. 50$63,360. 00 Software Technicians (24 Employees)2880$16. 50$47,520. 00 Total: $154,880. 00 Total Project Cost: $2,425,751. 26 Low Cost Sheet Hardware:Quantity:Unit Cost:Total Cost: Dimension 9150 Desktops1250$910. 80$1,138,500. 00 Cisco 7204 VXR1$3,958. 90$3,958. 90 PA-MC-8T1 (WIC)1$2,198. 90$2,198. 90 Dell PowerEdge 285011$3,291. 20$36,203. 20 Cisco Secure PIX 515E FireWall1$2,823. 70$2,823. 70 Cisco Catalyst 2948G Switch40$4,677. 19$187,087. 56 Cisco 2600XM4$3,376. 9$13,507. 96 NAS Network Attached Storage4$153. 99$615. 96 APC APWBR15005$383. 90$1,919. 50 23†³ Equipment Rack5$143. 00$715. 00 PowerVault 110T LTO-2-L(HQ Back-up Server)1$1,538. 90$1,538. 90 Total: $1,389,069. 57 Software:Quantity:Unit Cost:Total Cost: Server 2003 Enterprise CALS (25)2$571. 95$1,143. 89 Microsoft Office Pro 2003 (Open License)1$492. 80$492. 80 Total: $1,636. 69 WAN:Total Months:Monthly Cost:Total 5 Year Cost: 5 Year T160$852. 50$51,150. 00 5 Year T160$852. 50$51,150. 00 5 Year T160$852. 50$51,150. 00 ISDN60$852. 50$51,150. 00 Frame Relay (5PDC 5 Year)60$307. 40$18,443. 70Frame Relay Installation (Per Site)1$858. 00$858. 00 Total Internet Cost: $223,901. 70 Labor and Training:Hours:Hourly Rate:Total Cost: Team Member (5 Employees)1600$27. 50$44,000. 00 Hardware Technicians (24 Employees)3840$16. 50$63,360. 00 Software Technicians (24 Employees)2880$16. 50$47,520. 00 Total: $154,880. 00 Total Project Cost: $1,769,487. 96 Cost Options Breakdown Hardware OptionsPrice Selected Price ?Dimension 9150 Desktop (Upgraded)$1,764,125. 00 —–>+ oror ?Dimension 9150 Desktops$1,138,500. 00 —–>+ ?REVStorCenter Pro 200d Series (HQ Backup Server)$1,978. 90 —–>+ oror PowerVault 110T LTO-2-L (HQ Back-up Server)$1,538. 90 —–>+ Total: Internet OptionsPrice Selected Price ?Houston West T1 Connection$51,150. 00 —–>+ oror ?Houston West Frame Relay including Installation$19,301. 70 —–>+ ?Houston Headquarters T1 Connection$51,150. 00 —–>+ oror ?Houston Headquarters ISDN Connection$51,150. 00 —–>+ Total: Set Costs T otal Price Non-Optional Hardware—–>$249,030. 67 Other Campus' Internet Connections—–>$153,450. 00 Software—–>$1,636. 69 Labor—–>$154,880. 00 Set Costs Subtotal:$558,997. 36 Total Project Cost: Appendix B – Hardware Cisco PIX ® 515EThe Cisco PIX ® 515E Firewall is an enhanced version of the widely popular Cisco PIX 515 platform, providing industry-leading firewall and IP Security (IPSec) virtual private networking (VPN) services. Designed for small and medium businesses, as well as enterprise remote offices, the Cisco PIX 515E features increased processing power and integrated, hardware-based IPSec acceleration (certain models) delivering even more robust performance for high throughput security requirements. Performance Summary Cleartext throughput 188 Mbps 168-bit 3DES IPsec VPN throughput 63 Mbps Simultaneous VPN tunnels 2,000 Dimensions and Weight Height 1. 2 in. (4. 37 cm), 1 RU Width 16. 82 in. (42. 72 cm), Stan dard 19-in. rack mountable Depth 11. 8 in. (29. 97 cm) Weight (one power supply) ~ 11 lbs (4. 11 kg) Expansion PCI BUS Two 32-bit/33-MHz PCI Random Access Memory Two 168-pin DIMM slots (64 MB maximum supported by Cisco PIX OS) Dimension 9150 Processor: Pentium ® D Processor 940 with Dual Core Technology (3. 20GHz, 800FSB) Operating System: Genuine Windows ® XP Home Edition Memory: 2GB Dual Channel DDR2 SDRAM at 533MHz- 2DIMMs Hard Drives: 320GB Serial ATA 3Gb/s Hard Drive (7200RPM) w/ 16MB cache Optical Drive: Single Drive: 16x DVD+/-RW with double layer write capability Monitors:Free Upgrade from E196 Analog Flat Panel to 1907FP Digital Flat Panel Video Cards: 128MB PCI Expressâ„ ¢ x16 (DVI/VGA/TV-out) ATI Radeon X300 SE HyperMemory Keyboard: Dell USB Keyboard Mouse: Dell ® 2-button USB mouse Dimension 9150 Processor: Pentium ® D Processor 805 w/Dual Core Technology (2. 660GHz,533FSB) Operating System: Genuine Windows ® XP Pro Memory: 512MB Dual Channel DDR2 SDRAM at 5 33MHz – 2DIMMs Hard Drives: FREE UPGRADE! 250GB Serial ATA Hard Drive (7200RPM) Optical Drive: Single Drive: 48x CD-RW / DVD-ROM Combo Drive Monitors: Free Upgrade from E196 Analog Flat Panel to 1907FP Digital Flat Panel Video Cards: 28MB PCI Expressâ„ ¢ x16 (DVI/VGA/TV-out) ATI Radeon X300 SE HyperMemory Dell Service ; Support Plans: 1 Year On-site Economy Plan Adobe Software: Adobe ® Acrobat ® Reader 6. 0 CISCO 7200 VXR SERIES ROUTER †¢ WAN edge-Award-winning quality-of-service (QoS) feature performance †¢ Broadband aggregation-Up to 16,000 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) sessions per chassis †¢ Multiprotocol Label Switching provider edge (MPLS PE)-Number one choice for provider edge deployment today †¢ Voice/video/data integration-Time-division multiplexer (TDM)-enabled VXR chassis and voice port adapters †¢ IP-to-IP Gateway Support-Direct IP-interconnections IP Security virtual private networking (IPSec VPN)-Scalable to 5,000 tunnels per chas sis †¢ High-End Customer Premises Equipment (CPE)-For managed WAN services saving equipment, transport and administrative cost The Cisco 7200 VXR addresses these solution requirements by integrating functions previously performed by separate devices into a single platform. Through this integration, the Cisco 7200 VXR provides a single, cost-effective platform that supports: †¢ High-density LAN and WAN interfaces Broadband subscriber services aggregation, including PPP, RFC 1483 termination, and Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) tunneling †¢ Digital T1/E1 TDM trunk termination for voice, video, and data †¢ High-density multichannel T3/E3 and T1/E1 with integrated channel service unit/data service unit (CSU/DSU) †¢ ATM, Packet over SONET (POS), and Dynamic Packet Transport (DPT) connectivity †¢ ATM IMA (Inverse Multiplexing over ATM) for voice, video, and data †¢ Direct IBM mainframe channel connectivity †¢ Light-density Layer 2 Ethernet switchi ng PowerEdge 2850:Processor: Intel ® Xeonâ„ ¢ Processor at 2. 8GHz/2MB Cache, 800MHz FSB Additional Processor: Single Processor only Memory: 1GB DDR2 400MHz (2X512MB), Single Ranked DIMMs Chassis Configuration: No Rails Included Operating System: Windows Server ® 2003 R2, Standard Edition, Includes 5 CALs Hard Drive Configuration: Drives attached to embedded SCSI controller, No RAID Riser Card: Riser with PCI-X Support and Embedded Raid (ROMB) Support Hard Drive Backplane: 1Ãâ€"6 Hard Drive Backplane,PE2850 Bezel: Active ID Bezel Option Primary Hard Drive: 73GB 10K RPM Ultra 320 SCSI Hard DriveNetwork Adapter: Dual On-Board NICs CD/DVD Drive: 24X IDE CD-ROM Power Supply: Non-Redundant Power Supply Tape Backup Software: CommVault 1-Touch Recovery Client License Key Documentation: Electronic Documentation and OpenManage CD Kit Hardware Support Services: 3Yr BASIC NBD: L1 Hardware Queue, Next Business Day Onsite, M-F 8am-6pm Catalyst 2948G The Catalyst 2948G is a dedicated Ethe rnet switch featuring high-performance Layer 2 switching for the wiring closet, with low cost per port and advanced and proven software capable of supporting a wide variety of switching features.